Hello Rabbi Joshua,

My name is Michael Thompson. I recently came across a video on social media where a rabbi justified the killing of Palestinian children in the Israel-Hamas conflict, citing Deuteronomy 20:16. This deeply troubled me. Is this a true representation of Jewish beliefs? Do Jews support the killing of enemy children in war?

Contextualizing Deuteronomy 20:16

First and foremost, it is essential to clarify that the interpretation of Torah verses, especially those dealing with conflict, is complex and requires a profound understanding of Jewish law and ethics. Deuteronomy 20:16, in the context of ancient warfare, discusses the treatment of certain cities during a time of war. However, interpreting these passages without considering the entire corpus of Jewish ethical teachings and legal traditions is misleading.

Jewish Ethics on the Sanctity of Life

Judaism places immense value on the sanctity of human life. This principle is deeply rooted in the belief that all humans are created בצלם אלוהים (b’tzelem Elohim – in the image of God), as stated in Genesis 1:27. The preservation of life overrides almost all other commandments, a concept known as פיקוח נפש (pikuach nefesh). The Talmud, in Sanhedrin 37a, famously teaches that saving one life is akin to saving an entire world.

War and Morality in Jewish Law

In terms of warfare, Jewish law (Halacha) sets forth strict ethical guidelines. The notion of דינא דמלכותא דינא (Dina de-Malkhuta Dina – the law of the land is the law) and principles of moral conduct even in times of conflict are emphasized. The indiscriminate killing of non-combatants, especially children, is unequivocally condemned. Jewish sages and modern rabbinical authorities have consistently upheld these moral standards.

Misinterpretation and Misrepresentation

The statement made by the rabbi in the video you mentioned appears to be a misinterpretation or misrepresentation of Jewish teachings. It is not in alignment with the mainstream understanding of Jewish law and ethics. It is crucial to differentiate between individual opinions and the established principles of a faith.

Seeking Deeper Understanding

Encountering such statements can be distressing, especially when they seem to be in stark contrast to the foundational values of a faith. I encourage you to explore further the rich and nuanced traditions of Jewish ethical thought, perhaps through engaging with more authoritative sources or knowledgeable scholars in this field.

I hope this clarification provides some comfort and understanding regarding your concerns.

Sincerely,
Rabbi Joshua

Question from a Reader

Dear Rabbi Joshua,

I often hear the phrase ‘Shabbat Shalom’ and wonder about its deeper meaning. Could you please explain what this greeting truly signifies?

Kind regards,
Sofia Rodriguez

Understanding ‘Shabbat Shalom’

Dear Sofia,

Your question touches on one of the most beautiful and profound aspects of Jewish tradition. ‘Shabbat Shalom’ is not just a common greeting but a deep expression of our spiritual and cultural heritage.

Shabbat, or the Sabbath, is the day of rest in Judaism, observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening. It commemorates God’s day of rest after the creation of the world, as described in Genesis (בראשית) 2:2-3. Shabbat is a time to step back from the mundane activities of the week, to reflect, rejuvenate, and connect more deeply with the divine and our loved ones.

The Meaning of ‘Shalom’

‘Shalom,’ often translated as ‘peace,’ carries a much richer connotation in Hebrew. It’s not just the absence of conflict; it’s a state of completeness, wholeness, and harmony. It’s a wish for spiritual and physical well-being for oneself and others.

‘Shabbat Shalom’ as a Blessing

When we say ‘Shabbat Shalom,’ we are essentially offering a blessing. We wish others a peaceful and restful Shabbat, hoping that this sacred time brings them joy, spiritual fulfillment, and a sense of completeness. It’s a reminder of the peace and blessings that Shabbat can bring into our lives.

Cultural and Spiritual Significance

In the Jewish community, ‘Shabbat Shalom’ is more than a greeting; it’s a symbol of unity and common identity. It reflects a collective acknowledgment of the sanctity of Shabbat and our shared values. This phrase encapsulates the essence of Jewish spirituality and the communal aspect of our faith.

Conclusion

In conclusion, ‘Shabbat Shalom’ is a powerful phrase encapsulating hope, blessing, and our deep connection to the Jewish tradition of Shabbat. It serves as a weekly reminder of the peace and wholeness we strive for in our lives and our communities.

May your Shabbats be filled with peace and joy.

Shalom,

Rabbi Joshua