Judaism

Kethuboth 11b, Talmud – Explained

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Email from Jessica Stein:
Dear Rabbi Joshua,
I am very disturbed by a statement I came across, attributed to Kethuboth 11b, stating, “When a grown-up man has intercourse with a little girl it is nothing.” This has caused me great upset, and I am seeking to understand if this is really a teaching from the Talmud.
Yours sincerely,
Jessica Stein

Understanding the True Meaning of Kethuboth 11b

Dear Jessica,

Your distress regarding this statement is completely understandable. It’s crucial to approach such sensitive matters with a deep commitment to accuracy and context, particularly when dealing with ancient texts like the Talmud.

About Kethuboth 11b: Kethuboth 11b is indeed a section of the Talmud. However, the statement you mentioned is a misinterpretation of the Talmudic discussion. The Talmud, in this section, is engaging in a complex legal discussion about the implications of various actions on marriage contracts and the legal status of virginity in the context of Jewish law. It is not, in any way, an endorsement or trivialization of the act described.

Context of Talmudic Discussions: The Talmud is a compilation of rabbinic discussions that delve into Jewish law, ethics, and philosophy. These discussions often involve theoretical scenarios to explore the boundaries of the law. They are not meant to be direct moral or ethical endorsements of the behaviors being discussed.

Jewish Law and Child Protection: It is important to emphasize that Jewish law and ethics unequivocally condemn any form of child abuse, including sexual relations with minors. Such actions are abhorrent and antithetical to the values of Judaism. The protection and welfare of children are paramount in Jewish law and ethics.

Approaching Talmudic Study: Studying the Talmud requires understanding its complex legal reasoning and historical context. It is vital to consult knowledgeable scholars and authoritative sources to accurately interpret these texts. Misinterpretations can lead to misconceptions about the teachings and values of Judaism.

In conclusion, Jessica, the passage in Kethuboth 11b is a legal analysis and does not represent a moral stance or endorsement of the actions described. The Talmud, and Judaism as a whole, upholds the dignity and protection of all individuals, especially children.

With blessings and in the spirit of truth-seeking,
Rabbi Joshua

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Judaism

Jore Dea 377, 1, Talmud – Explained

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Email from Nathan Goldberg:

Dear Rabbi Joshua,
I recently read a statement that has left me quite upset. It claims, “If a Jew has a non-Jewish servant or maid who dies, one should not express sympathy to the Jew. You should tell the Jew: ‘God will replace ‘your loss’, just as if one of his oxen or asses had died’.” This is said to be from Jore Dea 377, 1. Is this really in the Talmud?
Sincerely,
Nathan Goldberg

Clarifying the Context of Jore Dea 377, 1

Dear Nathan,

Your concern about this statement is understandable, and it’s important to seek clarity and truth. Let’s look closely at the source and context of this quote.

About the Source: Jore Dea (Yoreh De’ah) is a section of the Shulchan Aruch, not the Talmud. The Shulchan Aruch is a code of Jewish law compiled in the 16th century by Rabbi Joseph Caro. It covers a wide range of Jewish legal practices, including dietary laws, ritual purity, and ethical guidelines.

Context of Jore Dea 377, 1: The specific section, Yoreh De’ah 377, deals with the laws of mourning and bereavement. However, the statement you mentioned does not accurately represent the content or spirit of Yoreh De’ah 377, 1. Jewish law and ethics emphasize compassion and empathy towards all individuals, regardless of their background or faith. The concept of showing respect and sympathy for the loss of any human life is a fundamental aspect of Jewish teachings.

Jewish Teachings on Compassion: Judaism places a high value on human life and dignity. The idea that a human being could be equated to an animal in their death is contrary to Jewish values. The Talmud and later Jewish writings advocate for kindness and empathy towards all, including non-Jews and servants.

Addressing Misinformation: It’s important to approach such claims critically, especially when they seem to contradict the fundamental principles of Jewish ethics. Misinterpretations or misquotations can lead to misunderstandings of Jewish law and its humanitarian values.

In conclusion, Nathan, the statement you have read is not a reflection of the teachings of Yoreh De’ah 377, 1, or Jewish values more broadly. Jewish tradition teaches respect and sympathy for the loss of all human life. Your pursuit of the truth in this matter is commendable, and I hope this response brings you reassurance and clarity.

With blessings and in pursuit of understanding,
Rabbi Joshua

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Judaism

Talmud, Sanhedrin 74b Explained

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Email from Elizabeth Parker:
Dear Rabbi Joshua,
I’m quite disturbed by a quote I encountered online from the Talmud, Sanhedrin 74b, which states: “Sexual intercourse between Gentiles is like intercourse between animals.” This statement has caused me great concern, and I am seeking to understand if this is really in the Talmud.
Kind regards,
Elizabeth Parker

Understanding the True Meaning of Sanhedrin 74b

Dear Elizabeth,

Your distress regarding this quote is completely understandable. Let’s delve into the context and authenticity of this statement.

About Sanhedrin 74b: Sanhedrin 74b is indeed a part of the Talmud, which is a central text in Rabbinic Judaism. However, the statement you mentioned is not found in Sanhedrin 74b or anywhere else in the Talmud. The Talmud contains a wide array of rabbinic discussions on law, ethics, and philosophy, but it does not include the derogatory comparison you’ve cited.

Context and Interpretation: The Talmud’s discussions often involve complex legal and ethical scenarios, requiring careful interpretation within their historical and cultural context. It’s important to approach these texts with an understanding of their nuanced and layered nature.

Jewish Teachings on Human Dignity: Fundamental to Jewish ethics is the respect for all human beings, created b’tzelem Elohim (in the image of God). This principle extends to all people, regardless of their faith or background. Statements that dehumanize or equate human relationships to those of animals are not in line with Jewish teachings.

Addressing Misinformation: Unfortunately, the internet can sometimes propagate misleading interpretations or false representations of religious texts. When encountering such claims, it’s vital to verify them with reliable sources and knowledgeable scholars. Misinterpretations can lead to grave misunderstandings of Jewish beliefs and values.

In summary, Elizabeth, the quote you’ve read does not appear in Sanhedrin 74b or any other part of the Talmud. It does not reflect the teachings or values of Judaism. I commend your effort to seek out the truth and hope this response provides clarity and alleviates your concerns.

With blessings and in the spirit of truth-seeking,
Rabbi Joshua

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